author = {Yarmohammadian, Mohammad. and Rezaei, Fatemeh. and Ferdosi, Masoud. and Haghshenas, Abbas.}, title = {{Healthcare incident reporting system in several countries: Concepts, infrastructure and features}}, journal ={International Journal of Health System and Disaster Management}, volume ={1}, number ={3}, pages = {143-149}, doi = {10.4103/2347-9019.129137}, year = {2013}, abstract ={Background: Critical Incident Reporting System (CIRs) and in a wider scope Patient Safety Reporting Systems (PSRS) are reporting systems that identify operational errors of an organization, analyze root causes of them and recognize priorities and modifiable issues for further investigation. Also, need of resources and management are reflected in organizational challenges. Vital errors and incidents in healthcare require health organizations to have reporting systems. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive and comparative study. The scope of this study included related reporting systems of selected countries such as the United States, Australia, England, Ireland and Denmark. Data was gathered from systematic internet search, Websites of ministries of health and websites of reporting systems included: DPSD, 'CIS', 'NRLS', ISMP and AIM. Results: Comparative criteria of reporting systems were developed under 12 scopes. These include 3 Infrastructure criteria and 9 process criteria and 4criteria of process criteria which were descriptive and 5 criteria of them were evaluative. Considering infrastructure criteria, most reporting systems are designed voluntarily, reporting internally, with the aim of learning and observing confidentiality at both individual and organizational levels. In terms of process-evaluative criteria in selected reporting systems, adverse event and close calls were often reported through closed multiple choice elements reporting forms received from secondary and tertiary healthcare coverage levels with responsibility of personnel. Prospective data collection is also less applicable in selected reporting systems. In terms of process-descriptive criteria, reporting is often performed through website, regional/local department, paper and Reports are disseminated and feedback provided to the referral organizations or staffs after classifying and analyzing them through a risk assessment model (like RCA or Systemic approach). Conclusion: Social, political and cultural infrastructure, affect the purpose of a reporting system and the purpose itself determines type, confidentiality, reported events scope and contributory factors of a reporting system.}, URL ={https://www.ijhsdm.org/article.asp?issn=2347-9019;year=2013;volume=1;issue=3;spage=143;epage=149;aulast=Yarmohammadian;t=6}, eprint ={https://www.ijhsdm.org/article.asp?issn=2347-9019;year=2013;volume=1;issue=3;spage=143;epage=149;aulast=Yarmohammadian;t=6} }